How to upgrade Alpine Linux 3.4/3.5/3.6 to 3.7.xx
I
am using Alpine Linux v3.5 or v3.6 with my LXD server. How do I upgrade Alpine Linux v3.6 to Alpine Linux v3.7? How can I upgrade Alpine Linux v3.4 to Alpine Linux v3.7?
Before you type any one of the following command make sure that you have a backup of your important data before continuing to update your system. It is important that you keep full backup of your system. Alpine Linux is built around musl libc and busybox. This makes it smaller and more resource efficient than traditional GNU/Linux distributions. A container requires no more than 8 MB and a minimal installation to disk requires around 130 MB of storage. Not only do you get a fully-fledged Linux environment but a large selection of packages from the repository.
Fig.01: Upgrading an Alpine Linux Hard-disk installation
Alpine Linux was designed with security in mind. The kernel is patched with an unofficial port of grsecurity/PaX, and all userland binaries are compiled as Position Independent Executables (PIE) with stack smashing protection. These proactive security features prevent exploitation of entire classes of zero-day and other vulnerabilities. When Alpine Linux is installed to hard drive or as LXD VM, upgrading to a newer stable version is straightforward.
Make a backup of your LXD container
Type the following command to create container snapshots:
$ lxc snapshot alpine-www01 snap0-Dec-05-2017-b4-update
Verify it:
$ lxc info alpine-www01
Sample outputs:
Name: alpine-www01
Remote: unix://
Architecture: x86_64
Created: 2017/07/17 11:38 UTC
Status: Running
Type: persistent
Profiles: default
Pid: 2297
Ips:
eth0: inet 10.105.28.45 vethELBFFO
eth0: inet6 fe80::216:3eff:fe1c:8793 vethELBFFO
lo: inet 127.0.0.1
lo: inet6 ::1
Resources:
Processes: 33
CPU usage:
CPU usage (in seconds): 302
Memory usage:
Memory (current): 67.72MB
Memory (peak): 86.41MB
Network usage:
eth0:
Bytes received: 15.70MB
Bytes sent: 10.35MB
Packets received: 220397
Packets sent: 123106
lo:
Bytes received: 1.89MB
Bytes sent: 1.89MB
Packets received: 12806
Packets sent: 12806
Snapshots:
snap0-Dec-05-2017-b4-update (taken at 2017/12/05 07:33 UTC) (stateless)
Now login to your Alpine Linux box/LXD VM using ssh command or lxc command.
Find out your Alpine Linux version
Type the following command:
$ cat /etc/alpine-release
3.6.2
How to upgrading to latest release
Edit /etc/apk/repositories file, enter:
# vi /etc/apk/repositories
Change the version number by hand. For example, the default entry for 3.4 is as follows:
http://dl-3.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.4/main
To update to 3.5.xx, enter:
http://dl-3.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.5/main
Change the version number by hand. For example, the default entry for 3.5 is as follows:
http://dl-3.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.5/main
To update to 3.5.xx, enter:
http://dl-3.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.6/main
Change the version number by hand. For example, the default entry for 3.6 is as follows:
http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.6/main
To update to 3.7.xx, enter:
http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/main
Save and close the file. Next grab the latest index using apk command:
# apk update
Sample outputs:
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
v3.7.0-8-g7f9d974993 [http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/main]
v3.7.0-9-geec9573c5c [http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/community]
OK: 9106 distinct packages available
To upgrade all your packages, run apk command:
# apk upgrade –available
OR
# apk upgrade –purge
Sample outputs:
Upgrading critical system libraries and apk-tools:
(1/3) Installing libressl2.6-libcrypto (2.6.3-r0)
(2/3) Installing libressl2.6-libssl (2.6.3-r0)
(3/3) Upgrading apk-tools (2.7.4-r0 -> 2.8.1-r1)
Executing busybox-1.26.2-r9.trigger
Executing ca-certificates-20161130-r2.trigger
Continuing the upgrade transaction with new apk-tools:
(1/64) Upgrading musl (1.1.16-r14 -> 1.1.18-r2)
(2/64) Upgrading busybox (1.26.2-r9 -> 1.27.2-r6)
Executing busybox-1.27.2-r6.post-upgrade
NOTE: /usr/bin/telnet has been moved to the package busybox-extras
NOTE: /usr/sbin/httpd has been moved to the package busybox-extras
NOTE: /usr/bin/ftpget has been moved to the package busybox-extras
NOTE: /usr/bin/ftpput has been moved to the package busybox-extras
NOTE: /usr/sbin/ftpd has been moved to the package busybox-extras
NOTE: /usr/bin/tftp has been moved to the package busybox-extras
NOTE: /usr/sbin/fakeidentd has been moved to the package busybox-extras
NOTE: /usr/sbin/dnsd has been moved to the package busybox-extras
NOTE: /usr/sbin/inetd has been moved to the package busybox-extras
NOTE: /usr/sbin/udhcpd has been moved to the package busybox-extras
(3/64) Upgrading alpine-baselayout (3.0.4-r0 -> 3.0.5-r2)
Executing alpine-baselayout-3.0.5-r2.pre-upgrade
Executing alpine-baselayout-3.0.5-r2.post-upgrade
(4/64) Upgrading openrc (0.24.1-r2 -> 0.24.1-r4)
Executing openrc-0.24.1-r4.post-upgrade
(5/64) Upgrading alpine-conf (3.6.0-r0 -> 3.7.0-r0)
(6/64) Upgrading zlib (1.2.11-r0 -> 1.2.11-r1)
(7/64) Upgrading busybox-suid (1.26.2-r9 -> 1.27.2-r6)
(8/64) Upgrading busybox-initscripts (3.1-r1 -> 3.1-r2)
Executing busybox-initscripts-3.1-r2.post-upgrade
(9/64) Upgrading scanelf (1.2.2-r0 -> 1.2.2-r1)
(10/64) Upgrading musl-utils (1.1.16-r14 -> 1.1.18-r2)
(11/64) Replacing libc-utils (0.7.1-r0 -> 0.7.1-r0)
(12/64) Replacing alpine-keys (2.1-r1 -> 2.1-r1)
(13/64) Upgrading alpine-base (3.6.2-r0 -> 3.7.0-r0)
(14/64) Installing pkgconf (1.3.10-r0)
(15/64) Replacing ncurses-terminfo-base (6.0_p20170930-r0 -> 6.0_p20170930-r0)
(16/64) Replacing ncurses-terminfo (6.0_p20170930-r0 -> 6.0_p20170930-r0)
(17/64) Replacing ncurses-libs (6.0_p20170930-r0 -> 6.0_p20170930-r0)
(18/64) Upgrading readline (6.3.008-r5 -> 7.0.003-r0)
(19/64) Upgrading bash (4.3.48-r1 -> 4.4.12-r1)
Executing bash-4.4.12-r1.post-upgrade
(20/64) Upgrading bash-completion (2.4-r0 -> 2.7-r3)
(21/64) Upgrading bc (1.06.95-r2 -> 1.07.1-r0)
(22/64) Upgrading ca-certificates (20161130-r2 -> 20171114-r0)
(23/64) Upgrading libssh2 (1.8.0-r1 -> 1.8.0-r2)
(24/64) Upgrading libcurl (7.56.1-r0 -> 7.57.0-r0)
(25/64) Upgrading curl (7.56.1-r0 -> 7.57.0-r0)
(26/64) Upgrading expat (2.2.0-r1 -> 2.2.5-r0)
(27/64) Installing pcre2 (10.30-r0)
(28/64) Upgrading git (2.13.5-r0 -> 2.15.0-r1)
(29/64) Upgrading git-bash-completion (2.13.5-r0 -> 2.15.0-r1)
(30/64) Installing libressl2.6-libtls (2.6.3-r0)
(31/64) Upgrading libressl (2.5.5-r0 -> 2.6.3-r0)
(32/64) Upgrading popt (1.16-r6 -> 1.16-r7)
(33/64) Upgrading logrotate (3.12.2-r0 -> 3.13.0-r0)
(34/64) Upgrading mariadb-common (10.1.26-r0 -> 10.1.28-r1)
(35/64) Upgrading mariadb-client (10.1.26-r0 -> 10.1.28-r1)
(36/64) Upgrading mysql-client (10.1.26-r0 -> 10.1.28-r1)
(37/64) Upgrading libbsd (0.8.3-r3 -> 0.8.6-r1)
(38/64) Replacing netcat-openbsd (1.130-r1 -> 1.130-r1)
(39/64) Upgrading pcre (8.41-r0 -> 8.41-r1)
(40/64) Upgrading nginx (1.12.2-r1 -> 1.12.2-r3)
Executing nginx-1.12.2-r3.pre-upgrade
Executing nginx-1.12.2-r3.post-upgrade
(41/64) Upgrading php5-common (5.6.32-r0 -> 5.6.32-r2)
(42/64) Upgrading libxml2 (2.9.4-r4 -> 2.9.7-r0)
(43/64) Upgrading php5-cli (5.6.32-r0 -> 5.6.32-r2)
(44/64) Upgrading php5 (5.6.32-r0 -> 5.6.32-r2)
Executing php5-5.6.32-r2.post-upgrade
(45/64) Upgrading php5-curl (5.6.32-r0 -> 5.6.32-r2)
(46/64) Upgrading php5-fpm (5.6.32-r0 -> 5.6.32-r2)
(47/64) Upgrading libbz2 (1.0.6-r5 -> 1.0.6-r6)
(48/64) Upgrading libpng (1.6.29-r1 -> 1.6.34-r1)
(49/64) Upgrading freetype (2.7.1-r1 -> 2.8.1-r2)
(50/64) Upgrading libjpeg-turbo (1.5.1-r0 -> 1.5.2-r0)
(51/64) Upgrading php5-gd (5.6.32-r0 -> 5.6.32-r2)
(52/64) Replacing libintl (0.19.8.1-r1 -> 0.19.8.1-r1)
(53/64) Upgrading php5-gettext (5.6.32-r0 -> 5.6.32-r2)
(54/64) Upgrading php5-mysql (5.6.32-r0 -> 5.6.32-r2)
(55/64) Upgrading php5-mysqli (5.6.32-r0 -> 5.6.32-r2)
(56/64) Upgrading php5-opcache (5.6.32-r0 -> 5.6.32-r2)
(57/64) Upgrading php5-zlib (5.6.32-r0 -> 5.6.32-r2)
(58/64) Upgrading libwebp (0.6.0-r0 -> 0.6.0-r1)
(59/64) Upgrading libgd (2.2.4-r2 -> 2.2.5-r0)
(60/64) Replacing vnstat (1.17-r0 -> 1.17-r0)
(61/64) Upgrading wget (1.19.1-r2 -> 1.19.2-r1)
(62/64) Purging libressl2.5-libtls (2.5.5-r0)
(63/64) Purging libressl2.5-libssl (2.5.5-r0)
(64/64) Purging libressl2.5-libcrypto (2.5.5-r0)
Executing busybox-1.27.2-r6.trigger
Executing ca-certificates-20171114-r0.trigger
OK: 101 MiB in 64 packages
Restart the server/VM container:
# sync
# reboot
Verify it:
$ cat /etc/alpine-release
3.7.0
For more information see https://alpinelinux.org/.